Information Science
Research
Donald W. King
It was such a pleasure seeing so many old friends and colleagues
at the Chemical Heritage Foundation (CHF) Conference. It reminded me of
how I came into information science through the back door. In 1961, Edward
Bryant, James Daley and I started a statistical consulting company, Westat
Research Analysts, in Denver. After struggling for a year we were awarded
a contract with the U.S. Patent Office in Washington to help design experiments
involving indexing and searching of patent documents. As part of this work,
I was asked to attend the 1962 annual meeting of the American Documentation
Institute (predecessor to the American Society for Information Science).
This was my introduction to information science and where I first met some
of the attendees who were at the CHF Conference. |
As a statistician, I had the unique opportunity of observing a great deal
of information science research from the early 1960s onwards through statistical
observation, statistical surveys and experimental design. These studies
were performed while I was with Westat, during a short "sabbatical with
Informatics, and at King Research (from 1976). They involved such interesting
areas as evaluating information retrieval systems (U.S. Patent Office,
CIRCOL, APA, NLM Cancerline) and information centers (NTIS, OSTI, DTIC,
ERIC). In the 1970s, my staff and I had the opportunity to describe scientific
communication through a series of NSF studies under the umbrella "Statistical
Indicators of STI Communication". During this time we also performed systems
analysis and development of the International Cancer Research Databank
(including development of Cancerline), editorial processing centers and
electronic publishing, and development of a numeric metadata system for
the U.S. Department of Energy. We performed two studies of the impact of
the 1976 revision to the Copyright Law and a study of the cost-benefit
of copyright formalities. I was also involved is studies of information
professionals and information professional competencies.
Beginning in the early 1980s, Jose-Marie Griffiths
and I developed a conceptual framework, methods and measures for assessing
the use, usefulness and value of information services and products. We
were able to apply our approach to well over 100 libraries of all kinds,
multitype library networks across 14 states and several regions. Since
most of these studies were proprietary, I have spent much of my retirement
aggregating and documenting these results with Jose so the knowledge will
not be lost to others. Carol Tenopir and I are also documenting the results
of over 20,000 readership surveys and cost studies involving publishers,
libraries, and scientists' time. Our intent is to help scientists; librarians
and publishers understand one another's participation in scholarly communication
and how they should approach the transformation to electronic journals. |